Wednesday, February 27, 2019
New device can detect cancer in just a drop of blood
New device can detect cancer in just a drop of blood
![researcher at work in the lab](https://cdn1.medicalnewstoday.com/content/images/articles/324/324558/researcher-at-work-in-the-lab.jpg)
The device, which is called a "3-D-nano patterned microfluidic chip," could successfully detect cancer markers in the tiniest drop of blood or in a component of the blood called plasma.In a bid to find a simple, effective way of identifying hard-to-diagnose cancer researchers from the University of Kansas (KU) in Lawrence and the KU Cancer Center and KU Medical Center in Kansas City have now developed an ultra sensitive cancer-detecting device.
Lead author Yong Zeng, an associate professor of chemistry at KU, and his team describe how the novel tool works in a paper that the journalNature Biomedical Engineering has published.
This device, the scientists explain, identifies and diagnoses cancer by "filtering" for exosomes, which are tiny vesicles that some eukaryotic cells produce.
In the case of cancer cells, exosomes contain biological information that can direct tumor growth and spread.
"Historically, people thought exosomes were like 'trash bags' that cells could use to dump unwanted cellular contents," Zeng explains. "But, in the past decade," he adds, "scientists realized they were quite useful for sending messages to recipient cells and communicating molecular information important in many biological functions.
National War Memorial
National War Memorial (India)
The National War Memorial (राष्ट्रीय समर स्मारक) is a monument constructed by the Government of India in the vicinity of the India Gate, New Delhi, to honour its Armed Forces.
A War Museum will be also constructed in the adjoining Princess Park area. The proposed National War Museum and the National War Memorial will be connected by a subway. The War Memorial and Museum are expected to cost ₹500 crore (US$ 70 million).
The memorial is made around the existing chhatri (canopy) near India Gate. The memorial wall is flushed with the ground and in harmony with existing aesthetics. Names of martyrs killed in wars in 1947–48, 1961 (Goa), 1962 (China), 1965, 1971, 1987 (Siachen), 1987-88 (Sri Lanka), 1999 (Kargil), and other operations such as Operation Rakshak, is inscribed on the memorial walls.
The Princess Park, is a 14-acres area north of India Gate, with barrack-type accommodation, built during World War II which since 1947 has served as family accommodation for mid level armed forces officers posted in Service Headquarters in New Delhi.
NASA asteroid WARNING
NASA asteroid WARNING: Radars track 1.2KM asteroid for possible COLLISION in December 2019
A COLOSSAL asteroid measuring almost one mile in diameter could potentially veer off-course and slam into Earth as early as December 28, 2019, NASA has warned.
NASA has predicted 31 potential dates between 2019 and 2101, on which the asteroid threatens to hit the Earth. The closest impact date, which also happens to be the most likely date of cataclysm, falls on December 28, 2019. The asteroid, dubbed Asteroid 2010 GD37, is next most likely to crash into Earth on December 21, 2093. The asteroid also threatens to hit Earth in December 2022, December 2024 and December 2027.
Enemies Alert: ISRO to Launch Defence Satellite in March For DRDO
The ISRO will also be launching two more defence satellites sometime in July/August with its new rocket Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV).
In a special mission in March, the Indian space agency will launch an electronic intelligence satellite Emisat for the DRDO, 28 third party satellites and also demonstrate its new technologies like three different orbits with a new variant of Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) rocket, said a top official. The exact date has not been specified yet.
"It is a special mission for us. We will be using a PSLV rocket with four strap-on motors. Further, for the first time we will be trying to orbit the rocket at three different altitudes," K. Sivan, Chairman, Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) told IANS. "The main passenger for the PSLV rocket will be the defence intelligence satellite Emisat belonging to Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO).
"It is a special mission for us. We will be using a PSLV rocket with four strap-on motors. Further, for the first time we will be trying to orbit the rocket at three different altitudes," K. Sivan, Chairman, Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) told IANS. "The main passenger for the PSLV rocket will be the defence intelligence satellite Emisat belonging to Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO).
"The satellite weighs about 420 kg. The 28 satellites belonging to our customers would cumulatively weigh about 250 kg," Sivan said. The DRDO's Emisat is an electronic intelligence satellite, he added. The ISRO will also be launching two more defence satellites sometime in July/August with its new rocket Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV).
In January, the space agency launched a defence imaging satellite Microsat R for the DRDO. Sivan said, after launching Emisat at an altitude of 763 km, the rocket will be brought down to put into orbit the 28 satellites at an altitude of 504 km. "Following that the rocket will be brought down further to 485 km where the fourth stage will turn into a payload platform carrying three experimental payloads -- one developed by the students of Indian Institute of Space Science and Tecnology, besides ISRO's own technology demonstrator and a Hamsat," Sivan said.
In January, the space agency launched a defence imaging satellite Microsat R for the DRDO. Sivan said, after launching Emisat at an altitude of 763 km, the rocket will be brought down to put into orbit the 28 satellites at an altitude of 504 km. "Following that the rocket will be brought down further to 485 km where the fourth stage will turn into a payload platform carrying three experimental payloads -- one developed by the students of Indian Institute of Space Science and Tecnology, besides ISRO's own technology demonstrator and a Hamsat," Sivan said.
The PSLV is a four-stage engine expendable rocket with alternating solid and liquid fuel. In its normal configuration, the rocket will have six strap-on motors hugging the rocket's first stage. On January 24, the ISRO flew a PSLV with two strap-on motors while in March it will have four strap-on motors. The Indian space agency also has two more PSLV variants viz Core Alone (without any strap-on motors) and PSLV-XL a larger rocket. The ISRO selects the kind of rocket to be used based on the weight of satellites it carries.
Tuesday, February 26, 2019
NASA-Funded Research Creates DNA-like Molecule to Aid Search for Alien Life
![](https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/thumbnails/image/hachimoji-dna.jpg)
In a research breakthrough funded by NASA, scientists have synthesized a molecular system that, like DNA, can store and transmit information. This unprecedented feat suggests there could be an alternative to DNA-based life, as we know it on Earth – a genetic system for life that may be possible on other worlds.
This new molecular system, which is not a new life form, suggests scientists looking for life beyond Earth may need to rethink what they are looking for. The research appears in Thursday’s edition of Science Magazine.
DNA is a complex molecule that stores and transmits genetic information, is passed from parent to offspring in all living organisms on Earth, and its components include four key ingredients called nucleotides – all standard for life as we know it. But, what about life on other worlds?
“Life detection is an increasingly important goal of NASA’s planetary science missions, and this new work will help us to develop effective instruments and experiments that will expand the scope of what we look for,” said Lori Glaze, acting director of NASA’s Planetary Science Division.
One way to imagine the kinds of foreign structures found on other worlds is to try to create something foreign on Earth. A team of researchers, led by Steven Benner at the Foundation for Applied Molecular Evolution in Alachua, Florida, successfully achieved the fabrication of a new informational molecular system that is like DNA, except in one key area: The new molecule has eight informational ingredients instead of four.
The synthetic DNA includes the four nucleotides present in Earth life – adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine – but also four others that mimic the structures of the informational ingredients in regular DNA. The result is a double-helix structure that can store and transfer information.
Benner's team, which collaborated with laboratories at the University of Texas in Austin, Indiana University Medical School in Indianapolis, and DNA Software in Ann Arbor, Michigan, dubbed their creation "hachimoji" DNA (from the Japanese "hachi," meaning "eight," and "moji," meaning "letter"). Hachimoji DNA meets all the structural requirements that allow our DNA to store, transmit and evolve information in living systems.
“By carefully analyzing the roles of shape, size and structure in hachimoji DNA, this work expands our understanding of the types of molecules that might store information in extraterrestrial life on alien worlds,” said Benner.
Scientists have much more to do on the question of what other genetic systems could serve as the foundation for life, and where such exotic organisms could be found. However, this study opens the door to further research on ways life could structure itself in environments that we consider inhospitable, but which might be teeming with forms of life we haven’t yet imagined.
“Incorporating a broader understanding of what is possible in our instrument design and mission concepts will result in a more inclusive and, therefore, more effective search for life beyond Earth,” said Mary Voytek, senior scientist for Astrobiology at NASA Headquarters.
One of NASA’s goals is to search for life on other planets like Mars, where there was once flowing water and a thick atmosphere, or moons of the outer solar system like Europa and Enceladus, where vast water oceans churn under thick layers of ice. What if life on those worlds doesn’t use our DNA? How could we recognize it? This new DNA may be the key to answering these questions and many more.
This work also interests those interested in information as part of life.
“The discovery that DNA with eight nucleotide letters is suitable for storing and transmitting information is a breakthrough in our knowledge of the range of possibilities necessary for life," said Andrew Serazin, president of Templeton World Charity Foundation in Nassau, The Bahamas, which also supported this work. "This makes a major contribution to the quest supported by Templeton World Charity Foundation to understand the fundamental role that information plays in both physics and biology."
Climate Change Could Make These Super-Common Clouds Extinct, Which Would Scorch the Planet
If humanity pumps enough carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, one of Earth's most important types of cloud could go extinct. And if the stratocumulus clouds — those puffy, low rolls of vapor that blanket much of the planet at any given moment — disappear, Earth's temperature could climb sharply and radically, to heights not predicted in current climate models.
As Wolchover explained, clouds have long been one of the great uncertainties of climate models. Clouds are complicated, small and fast-changing. Computer models that easily capture the complexity and detail of most climate systems just aren't powerful enough to predict worldwide shifts in cloud behavior.
But clouds are important. They dye a wide swath of the atmosphere white, as seen from space, reflecting sunlight away from Earth's surface. And stratocumulus clouds are an important part of that picture; they're those white blankets you might have seen as you looked out the window of an airplane, rolling out below you and hiding the ground. Researchers suspect that certain sudden, past jumps in temperature may have been caused by changes to clouds like these.
For the new research, scientists modeled just a small patch of sky using a supercomputer. They found that if carbon dioxide (CO2) levels reach about 1,200 parts per million (ppm) in the atmosphere, stratocumulus clouds break up. That's a very high carbon dioxide concentration. Right now, levels have climbed past 410 ppm — already a dangerous shift from the 280 ppm that prevailed before the industrial revolution.
But humans put more and more CO2 into the atmosphere every year. If current trends continue, Earth could reach 1,200 ppm within 100 to 150 years. This could happen if our society doesn't follow through on any of its commitments to reduce emissions, Wolchover reported. And even if it does, the result would be another 14 degrees Fahrenheit (8 degrees Celsius) of heat added to the global average, on top of the dangerous changes already undrway due to greenhouse gases.
That's an enormous change, and it goes beyond predictions of worldwide ice melt and catastrophic sea-level rise. The last time our planet was that warm, crocodiles swam in the Arctic and the region around the equator was "scorched" and "mostly lifeless," according to Wolchover.
And once the stratocumulus clouds are gone, Wolchover reported, they likely wouldn't reappear until atmospheric carbon dioxide levels dropped below where they are currently.
There's still some uncertainty in the data, however; and it hasn't been replicated. The 1,200-ppm figure could shift up or down as scientists look into the issue further.
But whether or not humans kill off stratocumulus clouds or not, this study highlights the many factors in climate change we don't yet understand.
India's Air strike to Pakistan
Hi Guys,
There is a good news that-
There is a good news that-
This morning at 3:30 a.m. India had a Air strike on Pakistan to take his revenge of 40 CR PF soldiers who died in Pulwama Attack.According to the news almost 400 militants were killed in the air strike.
External:
India has confirmed the attack on the biggest training camp of Jaish-e-Mohammad, the terror group which was involved in the February 14 attack on a CRPF convoy. Twelve Mirage 2000 fighter jets struck joint training camps of Jaish and LeT inside Pakistan and completely destroyed them by shelling 1,000 kg bombs. It took 19 minutes to complete the operation.
SanDisk and Micron deliver world's first 1TB microSD cards
The day has come. Smartphones can now hold as much data as a mainstream laptop. As long as you are willing to pay a price premium for a 1TB internal storage on your new phone or put a 1TB microSD card inside. Yep, you read that right - 1TB microSD cards are now a thing. Micron and SanDisk unveiled their microSD cards during this year's MWC in Barcelona and while Micron brags about being the first commercially available card, the SanDisk alternative boasts about being the fastest one. Peak read speed is 160 MB/s vs. 100 MB/s for Micron's, but the latter beats the former when it comes...
Sunday, February 24, 2019
My home city LUDHIANA
Hi guys,
Today I am going to show you my home city Ludhiana in a video that I had also uploaded on YouTube on my official YouTube channel.In this video you are going to see some famous places of LUDHIANA. Before that here is some information about the city.
Today I am going to show you my home city Ludhiana in a video that I had also uploaded on YouTube on my official YouTube channel.In this video you are going to see some famous places of LUDHIANA. Before that here is some information about the city.
Ludhiana is a city and a municipal corporation in Ludhiana district in the Indian state of Punjab, and India's largest city north of Delhi,with an area of 310 sq. km and an estimated population of 1,618,879 as of the 2011 census The population increases substantially during the harvesting season due to the migration of laborers from highly populated states like Uttar Pradesh, Bhiar,West Bengal and Odisha. The city stands on the Sutlej River's old bank, 13 kilometers (8.1 mi) south of its present course. It is an industrial center of northern India; the BBC has called it India's Manchester. Ludhiana was among the list of smart cities that will be developed by government of India. According to World Bank Group Ludhiana is the best city in India to do business.
Ludhiana is 107 kilometers (66 mi) west of the state capital, Chandigarh, on NH 95, and is centrally located on National Highway 44 , which runs from New Delhi to Amritsar. It is 315 km (194 miles) north of Delhi and 142 km (88 miles) southeast of Amritsar.It is well connected to Kolkata with GT Road.
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